Free Will Thesis: Some human
beings have free will. In other words, at least some humans have the
power to (are able to) act otherwise than they do act.
Hard Determinism is the view
that our actions are determined by external factors and that the
truth of determinism is incompatible with free will. The hard
determinist denies that there is any free will.
Soft Determinism is the view
that our actions are determined by external factors but that the
truth of determinism is compatible with free will. In other words,
determinism and free will are compatible.
Libertarianism is the view that
we do have free will and that free will in incompatible with
determinism. In other words, the libertarian denies that determinism
is true.
To say that a
state of affairs obtains just means that some event or state
happened. A state of affairs is a fact, or a situation that exists
in the world. The phrase is just another way of saying that
something happened.
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